Label: focal length depth of field
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NO.1 understand the characteristics of mobile phone cameras
In order to make better use of the mobile phone camera to take a good photo, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the mobile phone camera, so that in the course of use, it can enhance the strengths and avoid weaknesses, and play the function of the mobile phone camera.
Whether you have a professional high-end camera or just a camera phone that is inseparable, you want to take a very good photo or a great photo, basic photography common sense needs to know and master!
The camera of a mobile phone is not exactly the same as the digital camera that everyone understands. [The industry is also referred to as DSC, the full name of Digital Still Camera in English]. Although the principle of camera implementation is the same, the difference is obvious. Let's look at the camera and DSC. Some differences to understand and master the correct use of camera phones.
1. The difference between the zoom function
One of the most obvious differences between mobile phone cameras and digital cameras is the optical zoom function. Due to the requirements of the thin and light design of the camera and the battery life requirements of the mobile phone, basically no optical zoom function is implemented, and only the digital zoom function is supported. But the difference between optical zoom and digital zoom is very different. Optical zoom is a function that changes the magnification by moving the lens position to achieve telephoto zoom. It does not affect the details of the actual photo; however, the digital zoom is the opposite. The implementation is to intercept a part of the imaging surface by software to perform software interpolation and zooming to achieve the zoom effect. Just like a fixed-size picture, using software to constantly zoom in on a part, it will become more and more blurred and produce a mosaic (saw-tooth) phenomenon. The maximum magnification of the photo is more serious, and the image quality loss is more serious.
Therefore, we have learned why most photos are not well-photographed after zooming on the phone (the larger the zoom factor, the worse the effect). Digital cameras with optical zoom do not have this problem.
CMOS mobile phone not zoom CMOS mobile phone 3x zoom
CCD digital camera without zoom CCD digital camera 3x zoom
★ This feature of the camera phone tells us to use the digital zoom function on the mobile phone as appropriate. Try not to use the digital zoom function. If you really need to zoom in and shoot, use the appropriate magnification according to the actual situation of your mobile phone digital zoom to reduce the picture quality. loss.
2. The difference between flash
After using a digital camera, it is observed that another obvious difference between a camera phone and a digital camera is that the configured flash is different. Except for a few mobile phones equipped with a powerful Xenon flash (Xenon) on the camera, the other ones are basically equipped with LED flash. The main difference between the two lamps is the luminous intensity and illumination range, which affects nighttime and low. The photo effect of the light scene. In the camera industry, the flash involves a parameter called the Guide Number, also known as the GN value, which is an index that measures the power of the flash. The flash index is required to be no less than the product of the shooting distance and the aperture factor.
But we know that from the hardware and structural design of the mobile phone (the most sensitive mobile phone thickness), it is difficult to use the larger xenon lamp as the standard configuration of the camera phone, and because the power of the xenon lamp is large, the power consumption will be obvious. Increase, if used frequently, will greatly reduce the battery life, which affects the most basic use of the phone. A professional camera turns on the flash more than twice as long as the flash is not turned on. With the development of flash and battery technology, it is believed that the configuration of more efficient flash on the camera phone will gradually increase.
Even so, the LED flash of the camera phone can still meet the general camera requirements, and the better dual LED flash can generally meet the requirements of low light under the indoor 2 meter distance range, and play a complementary role. But the outdoor is different, because the outdoor background is empty, lack of light reflection, and its own power is limited. After the LED flashes, there is basically no environmental reflection, and the characteristics of the camera metering, so the effect is greatly reduced. However, there is still not much problem in the range of about 1 meter.
★ Because of the characteristics of the camera phone, the power of the configured LED flash is limited, and the demand for indoor photos is basically satisfactory. However, if it is an outdoor environment at night, try to ensure that the photographing distance is controlled within a range of about 1 meter.
3. Understanding the safety shutter
Digital cameras are all about a problem with a safe shutter, which is the length of time the photo is exposed. Friends who like photography must know something. Usually, whether you use a professional camera or a camera phone, many people have encountered the problem of blurring the photo, for a variety of reasons:
a. The subject being photographed is moving or the photographer is moving and moving too fast
b. The environment is dimly lit, there is no ideal lighting environment and light filling measures
c. The photographer's hand shakes and the image is blurred. People without photography experience are more likely to happen.
d. The focus system does not fully focus on the shot, or the focus is not correct.
e. Blurring caused by moving the camera when the exposure is not completed
In the above scenes, it is easy to blur the photo, which is actually related to the safety shutter. Now let's get to know the safety shutter. The safe shutter, a common understanding, refers to the shutter time that the handheld camera device can take a clear picture. If there is a fast enough shutter combination, it will not be easy to blur the photo.
All camera phones are a bottleneck in night and low light. It is difficult to achieve good performance in terms of brightness, noise and clarity. In addition to changing the way the camera is operated (the phone does not have a two-stage mechanical shutter button, basically touch the screen shutter icon to focus and fire the shutter action), this way of operating the phone will increase the chance of blurring the photo. The quality of a typical camera itself is also heavier and easier to stabilize when photographing. The quality of the mobile phone is relatively light, and it is more likely to cause shaking. If you can correct these features from your phone, you can also avoid blurring your photos.
★ Because of the difference between the camera phone and the camera, and the difference in quality, when using a camera phone in a weak light environment, you should use both hands to complete the photo, avoid using one hand to operate the phone separately. Pay particular attention to the stability of the hand during the photo session (this is very important).
4. The difference between focal length and depth of field
Because of the optical zoom lens and the larger body size (which can accommodate larger devices), digital cameras generally have longer focal lengths than cell phone cameras, and the depth of field performance will be different.
The depth of field of a digital camera at the wide-angle end is similar to that of a mobile phone camera, with a relatively large field of view and relatively good depth of field. However, if you want to take some photos that highlight the subject and blur the background, it is estimated that the camera of the mobile phone and the ordinary consumer camera can not be satisfied. Only some cameras with large focal lengths may have excellent performance. However, we can focus on the macro focus function of mobile phone cameras and ordinary digital cameras. In macro focus, according to the factors affecting the depth of field, the same aperture and focal length can be used to blur the background due to the shortening of the photographing distance. A subject with a clear picture, such as the one below (using the OPPO Finder phone macro focus):
★ Because the focal length of the mobile phone camera is usually short, and the thinner the focal length of the mobile phone is, the shorter the focal length is, the normal camera can't take a shallow depth of field photo of the protruding subject. Because the aperture and focal length are fixed, you can only change the distance of the photo. Therefore, you can use the macro to take pictures, and you can also take pictures with blurred background and prominent subjects. The effect is also very good! This can be used well.
5. 1 Application of camera function
The basic functions of the camera, still image shooting, video recording (now the mainstream camera phone supports HD720P and Full HD 1080P HD 30 frame video) function is not much different, according to the characteristics of the camera phone, master the corresponding skills and use it correctly . At the same time, many camera enhancements on the camera are also necessary to understand, such as: scene recognition, panoramic photography, HDR function, face recognition and focus, skin function, night scene mode and so on. There are also some special effects shooting modes and special features (anti-shake). If we know the basics of these feature implementations, it will help us better use these features.
It is understood that too many camera parameter settings on the camera phone will make many users dizzy and overwhelmed, some functions can not understand, the setting is wrong, but affect the shooting results. Therefore, some mobile phones like Apple mobile phones, OPPO smart phones take pictures to simplify all parameter settings (white balance, ISO, EV compensation, color saturation, metering mode, etc.), all in automatic mode, only retain some switches Switching parameters allows the user to just take a picture; in addition, like Samsung, MOTO, etc. continue to set more camera parameter menus for users to adjust. There are also some users who prefer to provide more parameter settings. This depends on personal preferences. Rationally, the different designs and starting points of the manufacturers are actually providing consumers with differentiated and better services.
The first one, taking a panoramic picture.
It is a special effect photographing function, which is to detect and synthesize the edges of multiple photos by multiple exposures of the camera, and provide a photo effect with a wider viewing angle and a larger scene. However, this application function is actually only suitable for outdoor scene shooting of some scenes. In the indoor environment, due to the limited field of view, it is easy to appear that the stitching is not good and the picture is distorted. Based on this understanding, I want to help us use this function more reasonably.
5. 2 Application of camera function
The second one, HDR function.
The HDR full name is High Dynamic Range, high dynamic range. The background of this function is because the subject is easily affected by the metering and underexposed when taking pictures in some high contrast scenes (or backlit scenes). HDR is a camera function created to improve the shooting of such scenes. Therefore, the HDR function is suitable for taking pictures in some high contrast or backlit scenes. The brightness range of the screen can be appropriately improved, but there is a certain processing time extension. If the HDR function is not used in the above scenario, it may not make any sense. In addition to the extension of the processing time, the effect of the screen may not be improved, and the brightness of the screen may be affected (this depends on the method and scene of the software calculation). ). Therefore, not all scenes are applicable, or slightly exquisite!
Third, face recognition and focus is also called FaceDetection.
This is an enhancement based on portrait shooting (enhanced focus function), because sometimes if the position of the person standing is not in the middle of the screen, the auto focus may be on the back background, and the portrait may not be properly focused. , causing the portrait to be blurred. Face recognition and focusing are intelligent detection of whether a human face exists in the screen, and take the priority of the face position to complete the photo. Improve the success rate of portraits. Of course, the accuracy of face recognition is not 100%, so I won't go into it here. If you take some scenery and macro objects, it is better to turn off this function. If your camera phone already supports such a feature, please turn it on when you shoot a portrait, it will definitely help you.
5.3 Application of camera function
Skincare, SkinBeauty (Face Beauty)
It is a kind of camera software processing technology. Through the analysis of face sampling and technical processing, it can achieve the effect of facial skin beautification (skin whitening, pinking, eye enlargement, etc.). More in line with the preferences of many MM, because this feature can make the beautiful photos you take more beautiful, more Feeling. This feature is found on many Japanese digital cameras, and the OPPO Ulike smartphone U701 also has this feature. The skin function is more suitable for use when the shooting distance is relatively close. Of course, it is better to use it on the self-timer; if the shooting distance is too far (more than 5 meters), it may affect the effect and realization of the function!
U701 real shot
Before adding skin effect
After adding skin effect
Night mode, NightMode
Photographing at night and in low light is a bottleneck in camera phones. If compared with daytime, it is actually a bottleneck for digital cameras. In order to improve the camera effect under low light as much as possible, many mobile phones set a night view mode. But there are still some differences. Some are mainly to reduce noise, and some are based on improving the brightness of photos, and some are to prevent blurring of photos. Either way, taking pictures in night scene mode requires using both hands to take pictures, and pay attention to the stability of the hand, can not shake!
5.4 Application of camera function
Special effect photo mode, EffectMode
On smartphones, users can purchase a lot of three-way application software packages in the software store, many of which are used to enhance camera functions. There are also some branded mobile phones that offer a wealth of special effects to enhance the camera application at the factory. For example, the special effects camera of OPPO Finder includes: mirror effect, fisheye lens effect, oil painting effect, engraving effect, virtual focus, tunnel, haha ​​mirror and so on. There are also some variations in the color tone and so on. The content is rich. Using some specific effects modes in different shooting scenes will produce different photo effects. No need to deal with the later PS, it directly gave birth to special effects photos. Enrich the fun of taking pictures and try them out according to your own preferences. There are no other special features when using special effects photos. Also in the shooting process, as mentioned before, pay attention to the applicability of the scene.
★ The special effects camera application of the camera phone is very rich, which brings a lot of fun to the shooting! Selecting some special effects in different scenes will make a special effect. You can play it well!
Summary: Mobile phone camera, because of its own characteristics, and the change of camera operation mode, it is easy to produce blur caused by jitter when taking pictures, so the most important thing is: use mobile phone to take pictures, pay attention to hands with photos, hands Be steady; also check to see if there is a focus and focus on the use of touch focus and metering to correct the impact of the environment. I believe that paying attention to these details, you can also take good photos with your mobile phone!
No.2 Master the basic knowledge of photography
Wanting to take good photos is not an easy thing to do for people who are new to photography. However, if you master the basic skills of photography and accumulate practical experience, I believe that to produce good works, the chances of success are greatly increased. Here we only discuss the composition, because it is too important in photography, and has nothing to do with the quality of the equipment.
Composition
Composition is how to arrange the people, scenes and objects to be photographed to get the best layout of the photo
Composition is the "skeleton" of photography! Composition is the layout, conception, and art of photography. It is the realization of the photographer's conception, which determines the success or failure of the work.
The basic elements of composition:
Subject: The subject is well understood, which is the main object to be represented in the photo, and is also the main focus. It can be a certain subject, or it can be a group of subjects, it can be a person, or something
Companion: refers to an object in the picture that is closely related to the subject or assists in expressing the subject.
Prospect: A person or thing in the photo that is in front of the subject, or close to the lens, is called the foreground. Sometimes it may be a companion.
Rear view: It corresponds to the foreground, the person or the scene behind the subject, and the general background is mostly an integral part of the environment.
Environment: refers to the characters, scenes and spaces around the main body of the picture, including the foreground, the background, the background (the farthest lens), the mountains, the sea, the sky, or the walls or windows of the building.
With the photo below, let's take a look at the basic elements of composition. As shown in the figure: the stone is the foreground; the character is the main body; the corner frame and the camera are the accompanying bodies; the rear view is the blurred snow; and the stone and the snow make up the environment in the photo frame.
In fact, composition is the process of a photo to express the theme of the picture through the photographer.
The basic method of composition:
There are many ways to compose a picture. Here are a few common ones that have been introduced in many photographic readings. Golden section composition, nine-square grid pattern, three-point composition, triangle composition, line composition method, color composition method.
Let's take a look at the composition of the Golden Section method. This is the principle. Just a brief look. As shown in the figure below, divide a line segment into two parts, so that the ratio of one part to the full length is equal to the ratio of the other part to this part. The approximate value of the ratio is 0.618. Since the shape designed in this proportion is very beautiful, this ratio is called the golden section. The photos taken by the elements of photography in this proportion will also be very harmonious and aesthetic.
Golden section composition
Golden section composition method (Y point is the "golden division point") A: C = B: A = 5:8
Jiugong lattice method
The Jiugong lattice structure is also called a well-shaped composition, which is an evolution of the golden section composition. It is to divide the picture into nine blocks. The four corners on the center block are the golden points of the picture. Arranging the subject with any position will make the picture more beautiful and harmonious. As shown in the lower right picture, the main body is arranged near point C, so that the content of the picture is much more coordinated. Imagine what kind of feeling would this photo give if the subject placed the picture in the center?
Jiugong lattice picture
Tripartite composition
The trichotomy composition is also a derivative of the golden section composition. It refers to a composition method in which the picture is horizontally or vertically divided into three parts, and the subject or subject edge is usually located on the three-point line. This patterning method is usually realized in a horizontal or vertical form, and has the advantage of simple composition. As shown in the figure, the three peaks are located on the dividing line of one or two equals.
Tripartite composition picture
Triangle composition
When it comes to triangles, its first impression is stability. So triangle composition is a stable form of composition. Sometimes multiple subjects form a triangle, and sometimes the outline of the subject itself is a triangle. In addition, not only objects, but also light and shadow can form a triangular visual effect.
Triangle composition picture
Line composition method
Line composition, according to the characteristics of the line of the subject to compose the picture, can be one, several, or multiple (for example, shooting bamboo can be achieved using the line composition method) The bridge in the picture is also considered as a line to compose!
Line composition picture
Color composition
Color composition, in a narrow sense, is the layout of colors. The interrelationship of various colors in spatial position must be an organic combination. They must be in an orderly and rhythmic manner in accordance with a certain proportion, and they should be interrelated and interdependent, thus forming a harmonious overall expression of color.
Color composition picture
The red leaves and green leaves on the screen form a good contrast of colors, which also appropriately highlights the theme to be expressed.
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