An important factor in smart grids is a distributed grid based on a large energy network where users are both energy consumers and energy suppliers.
There are two sources of energy, solar and wind, that generate reasonable power in small and large systems, and also provide a return on investment and lower maintenance costs. In addition to the technology of converting energy into electricity (photovoltaic panels, turbines), system efficiency needs to be maximized by reducing the power losses in the boards required for power conversion control. In this area, STMicroelectronics has led the development of advanced power semiconductor technology and innovative system solutions.
Photovoltaic power optimizer
The power optimizer-based architecture consists of three major functional blocks, as shown.
The power optimizer implements panel-level DC-DC power conversion, MPPT, and communication functions.
The inverter implements DC-AC power conversion, communication functions and AC grid connection.
The data concentrator collects data (voltage values, current values, etc.) from all panels and inverters and sends them to local or remote monitoring access points.
According to the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, two power optimizer architectures can be determined:
Low-voltage architecture, the power optimizers in each string are connected in series
High voltage architecture, power optimizer directly in parallel with the main inverter
These architectures have the following advantages:
Higher capacity: MPPT can increase panel-level system capacity to the highest level
Panel level communication and monitoring
The following circuit diagrams can help you select the product that best meets your functional module requirements from a wide range of recommended products.
Photovoltaic module string and central inverter
The string and centralized inverter architecture represents a traditional grid-connected photovoltaic system. It consists of three functional modules as shown.
Junction boxes, available in every solar panel, enable important bypass functions.
The combiner box protects and monitors the string.
The inverter is capable of power conversion stages (DC-DC and DC-AC with MPPT), communication functions and AC grid connections.
The following circuit diagrams can help you select the product that best meets your functional module requirements from a wide range of recommended products.
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