Recently, H.265 has become more and more popular, and it is more attractive to users than traditional H.264. The H.264 standard was adopted in 2003. This standard is mature and stable. According to statistics, 90% of the current Internet HD video resources are composed of H.264 video coding. However, after nine years of development, H.264 now seems that although the technology is mature, but because the standard establishment date is earlier, it is inevitable that there is insufficient stamina, and in some functions, it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the new era.
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The wheels of the times are constantly moving forward, and the technology is growing. In August 2012, Ericsson introduced the first H.265-based codec. In March 2013, the ITU (ITU) officially approved the adoption of the HEVC/H.265 standard.
H.265 has tested the commercial market
Everyone familiar with Thunder has seen that some online resources have adopted the H.265 encoding method, but currently only limited to the web version, including PPSTV, also has the corresponding H.265 online resources to watch.
And some users, I believe that H.265 coding is still not very understanding. Here, we will briefly introduce the common sense of H.265 coding technology. H.265 can transmit higher quality network video under limited bandwidth, which means that only half the bandwidth of the original H.264 encoding can transmit the same quality video. In the 4K aspect that users care about, H.265 supports 4K (4096×2160) and 8K (8192×4320) pixels of ultra-high definition video. For the 4K video such as 3840x2160, it is not limited to standard 4K video. . Since the amount of data in 4K video is 4-8 times that of HD. Therefore, a more efficient compression coding algorithm is needed. According to public information, the coding efficiency of H.265 is twice that of H.264.
2013 H.265 undoubtedly the biggest hot technology
From a technical point of view, the current H.265/HEVC architecture is roughly similar to H.264/AVC, and mainly includes intra prediction, inter prediction, conversion, quantization, deblocking filter, entropy coding and other modules. The difference is that HEVC is divided into three parts: coding unit, prediction unit and conversion unit.
H.265/HEVC can reduce the bit rate in a number of ways compared to H.264/AVC. As you can see from the above picture, each macroblock (marcoblock/MB) under the H.264 standard has a fixed size of 16×16 pixels, while the H.265 encoding is more free and the size can be Free choice between 8X8 and 64X64.
Seeing this, I believe that everyone has some understanding of H.265 coding, but what many users are more concerned about, or what changes can H.265 bring?
â– Looking at the picture, the H.265 coding method is very obvious.
Although everyone's network bandwidth is gradually increasing, 10M, 20M and even 100M fiber-level speed is getting faster and faster. However, a large number of users cannot enjoy high-speed broadband for various reasons. At this time, the H.265 advantage is highlighted. Based on the latest video coding technology HEVC, High Efficient Video Coding, H.265 encoder can provide the same definition of video with half the code rate lower than H.264, which can save a lot of storage space and video transmission bandwidth.
4K Ultra HD video with a time of 2 minutes and 20 seconds, the volume reached 2.04GB
Take 4K ultra-high-definition video as an example, the resolution is up to 3840x2160. If you encode in H.264 format, you need to provide at least 100Mbps code rate when you ensure the image quality is not lost, so you can convert it to 4K ultra-high definition video every minute. The capacity is as high as 0.92GB. A 90-minute movie will have a capacity of over 83GB. Ordinary 50GB Blu-ray discs become powerless. If the H.265 method is used for encoding, the film size will be reduced by half at the same bit rate, and there is no loss in picture quality, even a Blu-ray disc can be accommodated.
In fact, H.265 also involves the two processes of encoder and decoder. The compression effect is different through different encoders, and the better algorithm can control the volume of the final generated file. As shown below, the 4K ultra-high-definition video of 2 minutes and 21 seconds is less than 100 megabytes! This demo video is LG's official 4K promo, with a total length of 2 minutes and 21 seconds. The original format is MP4. The average code rate is 124 Mbps and the file size is 1.68 GB.
File size is reduced by H.265 encoding
In the H.265 coded demo video (download address http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=1036246525& amp;uk=3895737553, please do not use it for commercial use), the total length is also 2 In 21 seconds, the resolution is 3840x2160, and the capacity is only 78.2MB, which is quite different from the original MP4 file size of 1.68GB. According to this calculation, the standard time is 90 minutes of film, the capacity is only 3176MB, a normal DVD can be accommodated.
â– Picture quality comparison - H.265 VS H.264
The file encoded with H.265 is in the format of *.hm10. Due to copyright and technical issues, many players are still unable to play H.265 video. I use the decoding of technical experts compiled by Baidu Post Bar. For playback.
By comparing the pictures, we can see that at the same bit rate, the left side is a file that has been suppressed by H.264 encoding. On the right side is the H.265 encoding format file. In terms of picture detail performance, the sharpness is improved compared with the original H.264 encoding format, especially in terms of water grass detail performance, the definition is higher.
The author believes that the emergence of new technologies is still better to serve the users. If they can only stay in the laboratory, they will not be recognized by the public. Next, let's take a look at how much H.265 can bring us to the TV that everyone can't live without every day.
â– Can H.265 promote the development of 4K TV?
Everyone knows that there are already a lot of 4K ultra-high-definition TV products, and all major manufacturers at home and abroad are also involved. And the price has also gone down the altar, taking TCL as an example, the lowest price 39-inch 4K smart cloud TV cloud clear E5690 has been as low as 4399 yuan. Since the price is not a problem, the film source has become a concern of many users. As time goes by, there will be manufacturers launching 4K Blu-ray discs. According to different optimization algorithms and encoding methods, ordinary DVD discs can be enough to accommodate the next H.265 encoded 4K Ultra HD movie, and to a certain extent, can solve the problem of insufficient source for users.
H.265 encoding can better support 4K technology
But this problem seems to be simple, but there are still some problems behind it. We all know that devices including TVs and HD players can currently decode H.264 encoded files, but H.265 is a new generation. Image quality and computational complexity are much higher than H.264. Up to 3 times. Special hardware and software are needed to support it. Unlike on a computer, after installing the coded SDK library, it can be played, and it involves many problems. In addition, the H.265 code also involves the issue of licensing fees. If commercialization is required to pay the corresponding licensing fees, whether the fees will be passed on to consumers is a matter of concern.
South Korea has begun to transmit 4K TV signals.
The same problem has also appeared in the TV program signal. Currently, the cable TV system uses the earlier MPEG-2 standard, and even H.264 has not been reached. The reason, due to the overall limitations of the transmission network bandwidth, is that H.264 encoding also requires an authorization fee. The emerging H.265 code reduces volume and is more conducive to transmission while ensuring image quality. Therefore, it seems that the future H.265 code can be said to have a lot to offer. Although it is limited by bandwidth limitation in a short period of time, I believe that the continuous improvement of cable TV networks will one day, and the 4K TV programs using H.265 encoding will be popularized.
Triconex is both the name of a Schneider Electric brand that supplies products, systems and services for safety, critical control and turbomachinery applications and the name of its hardware devices that utilize its TriStation application software. Triconex products are based on patented Triple modular redundancy (TMR) industrial safety-shutdown technology. Today, Triconex TMR products operate globally in more than 11,500 installations, making Triconex the largest TMR supplier in the world.
Company History: The history of Triconex was published in a book called 'The History of a Safer World' by Gary L. Wilkinson. The company was founded in September, 1983 by Jon Wimer in Santa Ana, California and began operations in March, 1984. The business plan was written by Wimer and Peter Pitsker, an automation industry veteran and Stanford graduate. They presented the plan for a TMR (Triple Modular Redundant) based system that would improve the safety and reliability in industrial applications. Among the customers they targeted were the petro-chemical giants, such as Exxon, Shell, Chevron, and BP.
Pitsker and Wimer presented the business plan to Los Angeles based investor Chuck Cole, who was also a professor at USC. Cole was interested, so he contacted his personal attorney, future two-time Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan. Riordan agreed to invest $50,000 and Cole's venture capital team matched it, providing the seed money for Triconex. After two years, however, the company nearly failed due to the expense and complications of testing a new safety system. In February, 1986, founder Wimer left the company and the board asked a seasoned executive, William K. Barkovitz to become CEO. Barkovitz ended up leading the company for 9 years. At the end of his term, Triconex became the leading safety system in a market it largely created, made acquisitions, and completed an IPO. In January, 1994, Triconex was acquired by British based SIEBE for 90 million dollars.
The hardware architect of the Tricon was Gary Hufton, the Software development manager was Glen Alleman. These managers, with Wing Toy (the lead engineering of the fault tolerant ESS telephone switch), led a small successful engineering team that built the first Tricon, sold in June, 1986. Soon after, Exxon became a customer and automation giant Honeywell agreed to distribute the Tricon. Among the software engineers who worked for Triconex were Phil Huber and Dennis Morin, who later left the company to found Wonderware, also based in Irvine California which became the world's leading supplier of Human Machine Interface (HMI).
Triconex Invensys Cards: Redundant fault-tolerant control system, the most modern fault-tolerant controller based on triple-module redundancy (TMR) architecture.
Triconex Invensys Cards,Analog Input Module
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