Three-primary LED driving principle and application IC circuit design

Three primary color composition

In a three-primary design application, it is common to adjust the set LED current to achieve white balance and maximum desired brightness values.

We generally use the simplest and most optimized color matching method as the color reproduction method for designing full color display technology. White balance is one of the important signs to check the color composition. The three primary colors of white light are generally red, green and blue. The three primary colors are mixed according to the brightness ratio. When the brightness of the green light is 69%, the brightness of the red is 21%, and the brightness of the blue is 10%, the human eye feels after the color mixing. It is pure white. The earlier CRT TVs have been composed of LCD LCDs, and LEDs will of course be matured.

The chromaticity coordinates of the red, green and blue LEDs cannot achieve the full chromatographic effect due to the process, etc., while the control primary colors include the brightness of the biased primary colors to obtain white light, which is called color matching. Before color matching for a full-color LED display, in order to achieve the best brightness and lowest cost, try to select the LEDs whose three primary colors have a luminous intensity of approximately 3:6:1. White balance requires that the three primary colors are still pure white synthesized at the same blend value. In terms of LEDs, it is very difficult to achieve. In order to solve such problems, the general IC will design the function of setting the current size, so that different batches of LEDs can achieve the same white light effect.

We generally call the color that can be synthesized, the primary color; the red, green, and blue colors in the application are called the primary color. The three vertices in the chromaticity diagram are ideal primary color wavelengths. If there is a deviation in the primary color, the area where the color can be synthesized will be reduced, and the triangle in the spectrum table will be reduced. From a visual point of view, the color will not only be deviated, but the degree of richness will be reduced, as shown in the following figure.

The red, green and blue light lines emitted by LEDs can be roughly classified into purple red, pure red, orange red, orange, orange yellow, yellow, yellow green, pure green, emerald green, blue green, pure blue, blue purple, etc. according to their different wavelength characteristics. Yellow, green, blue and purple are much cheaper than pure red, pure green and pure blue. Green is the most important of the three primary colors, because green occupies 69% of the brightness in white and is at the center of the color horizontal row list. Therefore, when weighing the relationship between color purity and price, green is an important consideration.

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