Common RF coaxial connector
The RF signal has its own characteristics, so the transmission signal requires a special medium, and the corresponding connector is also very special. Here we mainly introduce the common RF coaxial connector (RF COAXIAL CONNECTOR), which conforms to the standard GB11316-89, IEC169, MIL-C. -31012 and other standards.
First, the common coaxial connector and main performance comparison table:
In addition to the above connectors, there are MINI BNC, SL16, C3, CC4 (1.0/2.3), SMZ (BT-43), MIM and other connectors, but mainly some company models.
Second, the choice of common coaxial connectors:
BNC is a bayonet type, used for RF connections below 4GHz, widely used in instrumentation and computer interconnection.
TNC is a threaded connection, similar in size to BNC, operating at up to 11 GHz, threaded for vibration environments
SMA is a threaded connection that is the most widely used, with impedances of 50 and 75 ohms, 50 ohms with soft cables below 12.4 Ghz, and semi-rigid cables up to 26.5 GHz.
SMB is smaller than SMA, is inserted into the self-locking structure, used for quick connection, is often used for digital communication, is a replacement for L9, 50 ohms to 4GHz, 75 ohms to 2GHz
SMC is threaded, others like SMB, with a wider frequency range, often used in military or high vibration environments
The N-type connector is threaded and air-insulated. It is low in cost and can reach a frequency of 11 GHz. It is commonly used on test instruments and has 50 and 75 ohms.
MCX and MMCX connectors are small for dense connections
BMA for blind plug connections in low power microwave systems up to 18 GHz
Each connector has military standards and commercial standards. The military standard is manufactured according to MIL-C-39012. All copper parts, PTFE insulation, gold plating inside and outside, the most reliable performance, but the cost is high.
Commercial standard designs use inexpensive materials such as brass casts, polypropylene insulation, silver plating, etc., which are less reliable.
The connectors are made of brass, beryllium copper and stainless steel. The center conductor is usually gold plated to ensure low resistance and corrosion resistance. The military standard requires gold plating on SMA and SMB, and silver plating on N, TNC and BNC. Because silver is easily oxidized, users prefer nickel plating.
The insulating materials are PTFE, polypropylene and toughened polystyrene, of which PTFE has the best insulation performance but high cost.
Third, the performance list of commonly used connectors:
1.L29 (7/16)
Standard: IEC169-4, CECC22190, DIN47223
Features: Larger threaded medium and high energy transmission temperature range: -40 to +85
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 21mm / 22.5mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms operating voltage: 2700Vrms
Frequency range: 0-7.5GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 4000Vrms
Contact resistance: inner conductor <0.4mOhm, outer conductor <1.5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >10000 megohms
VSWR: <1.30
material:
Housing: Brass nickel or silver pin: Brass plated hard gold or silver Jack: Tin bronze plated hard gold or silver insulator: PTFE seal: Silicone rubber crimp sleeve: Copper alloy nickel plating
2.N
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-16, CECC22210
Features: Threaded medium and high power temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 16mm / 8.6mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms operating voltage: 1000Vrms
Frequency range: 0-11GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 1500V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <1mOhm, outer conductor <0.2mOhm
Insulation resistance: >5000 megohms
VSWR: <1.30 
material:
Housing: Brass nickel plated pin: Brass plated hard gold socket: beryllium bronze plated hard gold or tin bronze gold plated insulator: PTFE seal: silicone rubber crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated
3.BNC
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-8
Features: bayonet temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 9.8mm / 9.6mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50/75 ohm working voltage: 500V
Frequency range: 0-4GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 1500V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <1.5mOhm, outer conductor <1mOhm
Insulation resistance: >5000 megohms
VSWR: <1.30 
material:
Housing: Brass nickel plated pin: Brass plated hard gold socket: beryllium bronze or tin bronze plated hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated
4.TNC
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-17
Features: Threaded temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK outer diameter: 11mm / 9.6mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 500V
Frequency range: 0-11GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 1500V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <1.5mOhm, outer conductor <0.2mOhm
Insulation resistance: >5000 megohms
VSWR: <1.3
material:
Housing: Brass nickel plated pin: Brass plated hard gold socket: beryllium bronze plated hard gold insulator: PTFE seal: silicone rubber crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated
5.L9 (1.6/5.6)
Standard: IEC169-13, CECC22240, DIN47295
Features: Small threaded temperature range: -40 to +85
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 8.2mm / 4mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 75 ohms operating voltage: 330V
Frequency range: 0-1GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 1000V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <10mOhm, outer conductor <5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >10000 megohms
material:
Housing: Brass nickel or gold pins: Brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel or gold
6.SMA
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-15, CECC22110
Features: Small threaded temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK outer diameter: 6.5mm / 5.4mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms operating voltage: 335Vrms
Frequency range: 0-12.4GHz (soft cable) / 0-18GHz (semi-rigid cable)
Medium withstand voltage: 1000Vrms
Contact resistance: inner conductor <3mOhm, outer conductor <2mOhm
Insulation resistance: >5000 megohm insertion loss: 0.15dB (6GHz)
RF leakage: -60dB/-90dB (soft cable / semi-rigid cable) @2-3GHz
VSWR: Straight flexible cable <1.15+0.02f(GHz)
Curved flexible cable <1.20+0.03f (GHz)
Curved semi-rigid cable <1.05+0.01f(GHz)
Curved semi-rigid cable <1.10+0.01f(GHz) 
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold or stainless steel surface passivated pin: Brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE seal: silicone rubber crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plating
7.SMB
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-10, CECC22130
Features: Small push-in locking temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG contact rod outer diameter / JACK inner diameter: 2mm / 3.7mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50/75 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-4GHz (50 ohms) / 0-2GHz (75 ohms)
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <6mOhm, outer conductor <1mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: <1.34
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold elastic contact rod: beryllium bronze hard gold pin: brass hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel or gold plated
8.SMC
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-18, CECC22140
Features: Small threaded temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK outer diameter: 3.8mm / 3.7mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-10GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <6mOhm, outer conductor <1mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: Straight <1.25 Bend <1.35
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold insert: Brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel or gold plated
9.BMA
Standard: IEC169-33
Features: Mini push-in temperature range: -65～+155
Durability: 500 times
PLUG outer diameter / JACK outer diameter: 5.3mm / 7.4mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-18GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <3mOhm, outer conductor <2mOhm
Insulation resistance: >5000 megohms
VSWR: <1.30
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold or nickel and stainless steel passivated pins: Brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plating
10.SSMA
Standard: MIL-C-39012, IEC169-18, CECC22140
Features: Miniature threaded temperature range: -55 to +155
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK outer diameter: 5mm / 4mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-35GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <4mOhm, outer conductor <2.5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: <1.07+0.1f(GHz)
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold insert: Brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel or gold plated
11.SSMB
Standard: IEC169-19, CECC22170
Features: Mini push-in temperature range: -55 to +155
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK outer diameter: 4.5mm / 2.7mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-11GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 500V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <5mOhm, outer conductor <2.5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: Straight <1.22 (0-1GHz) <1.35 (0-3GHz)
Curved <1.50 (0-1GHz) <1.63 (0-3GHz)
material:
Housing: Brass plated hard gold pin: Tin bronze plated hard gold socket: beryllium bronze plated hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated or gold plated
12.MCX (OSX)
Standard: CECC22220
Features: Small plug-in self-locking temperature range: -65 ~ +155
Durability: 500 times
PLUG outer diameter / JACK inner diameter: 3.7mm / 3.45mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50/75 ohm frequency range: 0-6 GHz (50 ohms) 0-1.5 GHz (75 ohms)
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <5mOhm, outer conductor <2.5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: <1.20 (50 ohms) <1.35 (75 ohms)
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold-elastic contact: é“Bronze plated hard gold pin: Brass plated hard gold Jack: é“Bronze plated hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated or gold plated
13.MMCX (C2.5)
Standard: CECC22340
Features: Micro plug-in self-locking temperature range: -40 ~ +90
Durability: 500 times
PLUG outer diameter / JACK inner diameter: 2.4mm / 3mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50 ohms working voltage: 170V
Frequency range: 0-6GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 500V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <10mOhm, outer conductor <5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: <1.25
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold-elastic contact: é“Bronze plated hard gold pin: Brass plated hard gold Jack: é“Bronze plated hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated or gold plated
14.SAA (1.0/2.3)
Standard: CECC22230, DIN47297
Features: In-line locking temperature range: -65 ~ +155
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 2.3mm / 4.1mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50/75 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-4.8 GHz (50 ohms) / 0-1.65 GHz (75 ohms)
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <10mOhm, outer conductor <7.5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: Straight <1.25 Bend <1.40
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold elastic contact rod: beryllium bronze hard gold insert: brass hard gold socket: beryllium bronze hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plating
15.MSP
Standard: NEC product features: push-in self-locking temperature range: -65 ~ +165
Durability: 500 times
PLUG inner diameter / JACK inner diameter: 5mm / 4mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 75 ohm frequency range: 0-1 GHz
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <10mOhm, outer conductor <4mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
VSWR: <1.25
material:
Housing: Brass nickel plated pin: Brass plated hard gold socket: beryllium bronze plated hard gold or tin bronze gold plated insulator: PTFE seal: silicone rubber crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel plated
16.C4 (1.0/2.3)
Standard: DIN41626
Features: Small push-in temperature range: -55 to +125
Durability: 500 times
PLUG outer diameter / JACK inner diameter: 4.7mm / 3mm
Electrical performance:
Characteristic impedance: 50/75 ohms working voltage: 250V
Frequency range: 0-2GHz (50 ohms) 0-1.5GHz (75 ohms)
Medium withstand voltage: 750V
Contact resistance: inner conductor <10mOhm, outer conductor <5mOhm
Insulation resistance: >1000 megohms
material:
Housing: Brass hard gold-elastic contact: beryllium-plated hard gold insert: brass-plated hard gold socket: beryllium-plated hard gold insulator: PTFE crimp sleeve: copper alloy nickel or gold
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