Researchers from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in the United States have obtained carbon black from scrapped tires and properly adjusted their microstructure to produce high-performance, low-cost carbon anode materials for use in lithium-ion batteries.
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This professional paper on electrochemistry was published in the journal RSC Advances. Research shows that carbon anodes made from waste tires collected from raw materials still have a reversible capacity of nearly 390 mAh/g after 100 cycles of charge and discharge. This data is superior to the highest quality graphite materials currently on the market. Researchers believe that such outstanding performance is due to the unique microstructure of the carbon in the tire; the anode material is derived from the carbon material in the vulcanized tire rubber and the standard tire rubber, the initial coulombic efficiency values ​​of 71% and 45 respectively. %. The extraction of high-performance carbon materials from used car tire rubber has led to the development of potential use in energy storage, adding a new path to the recycling of tire rubber.
The ORNL research team obtained a pyrolytic carbon black material through a patent-pending pretreatment technology, which is similar in characteristics to graphite, except that the former is artificially manufactured. The micronized tire rubber is first dissolved in a high-temperature sulphuric acid sulphuric acid tank to obtain a vulcanized rubber suspension, which is then subjected to filtration, washing operation, and then compressed into a solid solid block. The solid block is decomposed at a high temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a vulcanized rubber powder; and the material is subjected to an appropriate process in the carbonization process to obtain a pyrocarbon black composite material having a high surface area. In order to prevent potential impurities such as metal particles from being mixed into the carbon black powder, the produced rubber powder needs to be cleaned with an acidic solution in the processing flow.
The use of chemical pretreatment means that the carbon crystals produced from rubber will be produced more. However, this carbonaceous material has few pores with a diameter of 3 to 5 nanometers, and very important nanopores (less than 2 nanometers in diameter) are also scarce, reducing the relative surface area, such as a simple ordered arrangement of graphite materials. The technology of processing carbon anodes with old tires aims to develop a low-cost, environmentally-friendly carbon composite anode material that guarantees a larger surface area, better performance and long-term stability and reliability.
Researchers are working hard to test a production process with the goal of recovering a larger proportion of carbon material and verifying the feasibility of the carbon black material as a soft-packaged lithium-ion battery anode. The researchers also expect lithium batteries, the new carbon black anode material, to be lower in price than the graphite anode batteries commonly found in the market. ORNL plans to work with US companies to license this innovative technology and then produce lithium-ion battery packs for the automotive, power, medical, military and other industries, as well as potential applications, including water purification and gas absorption and storage. ORNL has recently launched a slogan “Low-cost carbon anodes for lithium-ion battery packs†on the project bidding website FedBizOpps, which will last until September 15.
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