In a high-stakes match that captured the attention of millions, Ke Jie, one of the top Go players in the world, faced off against Tencent’s AI program "Fair Art" on January 17, 2018. The game took place on the popular online platform "Tennessee Wild Fox Go," where over 7,000 spectators gathered to witness what many considered a historic moment. This was not just any game—it was a test of AI against human expertise, with Ke Jie giving up two stones (6.5 points) in an attempt to level the playing field.
Despite the handicap, Ke Jie struggled during the match, and at move 77, he decided to concede, signaling his dissatisfaction with the performance of his strategy. The game ended quickly, leaving many in awe of the AI's capabilities. Later, another top player, known as "Silent Sword," also challenged "Fair Art" but refused to admit defeat even after 247 moves, showing the AI’s formidable strength.
The "Fair Art" AI, developed by Tencent’s AI Lab, has been making waves in the Go community. Unlike other well-known AIs such as DeepZenGo or AlphaGo, "Fair Art" is a domestic project that started late in the development of computer Go. However, it made rapid progress, launching its first version in March 2016, just a few months after Tencent began working on it.
Since then, "Fair Art" has gained a strong presence on the Wild Fox Go platform, with multiple accounts like "Lively Tigers," "Wild Foxes," and "Exquisite Arts." Among them, the "Exquisite Arts" account became the most popular, known for its high number of matches and strong reputation. It was even promoted to the "Ten Section Master" rank, showcasing its dominance.
What makes "Fair Art" unique is its ability to adapt and improve rapidly. In just four months, it reached the amateur 6-dan level, and by August 2016, it had defeated professional players for the first time. By November 2016, it had even beaten the world champion Jiang Weijie, and later, it managed to defeat Ke Jie himself.
This success brought "Fair Art" into the spotlight, especially when it participated in the UEC Cup World Computer Go Conference in 2017, where it won the second-place title behind DeepZenGo. Following this, it went on to beat top Japanese players and even secured a victory in the 5th Jihad jihad tournament.
However, not all games were smooth sailing. In 2017, "Fair Art" lost to DeepZenGo in the semi-finals of the China Go Open, prompting further development and refinement of the AI.
By late 2017, a new version called "According to Expectations" emerged on the Wild Fox platform, winning 95 out of 99 games, including several against Ke Jie. It also defeated the reigning UEC Cup champion, demonstrating its growing power.
In December 2017, the upgraded "Fair Art" won the AI RYUSEI final in Japan, defeating top AIs like MayoiGo and Raynz before facing DeepZenGo in the final. Even the renowned player "Silent Sword" praised the AI, saying, “Farewell can make Zen two sons.â€
In 2018, "Fair Art" continued its journey, playing against professionals with a 6.5-point handicap. Before the match against Ke Jie, it had already played 31 games against professionals, winning 27 and losing 4. This match was seen as a major milestone in AI vs. human competition.
Tencent AI Lab explained that allowing two stones is part of a strategic effort to ensure the AI plays at its best while still being fair. They noted that if the win rate is too high, the AI might not play optimally. Similarly, if the win rate is too low, the AI might not show its full potential. To address this, they have been optimizing their algorithms to balance performance and fairness.
The "Fair Art Challenge" version used in these matches was based on the AlphaGo Zero paper published in October 2017. It employed a more efficient reinforcement learning algorithm, improving upon previous versions. The team also emphasized that while they drew inspiration from AlphaGo Zero, they focused on refining existing models rather than starting from scratch.
In interviews, the team highlighted that "Fair Art" is not just about beating humans—it's about pushing the boundaries of AI research and promoting Go culture. They believe that every advancement in AI helps demonstrate human ingenuity and technological progress.
Looking ahead, the team plans to continue developing "Fair Art," focusing not only on improving its Go skills but also on exploring broader applications of AI. As they put it, "We are not just building an AI—we are building a bridge between technology and tradition."
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