Application developers of electronic engineers and Internet of Things (IoT) products and systems have an almost confusing connectivity option.
Many communication technologies are well known, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee and 2G / 3G / 4G cellular, but there are also several emerging emerging network options such as threads as a replacement for home automation applications, as well as white TV technology implemented in major cities. Used for a wider range of IoT-based use cases. Factors such as application, range, data requirements, safety and power requirements, and battery life will determine the choice of a certain combination of technologies. These are some of the main communication technologies available to developers.
In 2017, the global operator capital expenditures turned around, relatively optimistic but uncertain. We believe that the overall communication industry in 2017 should be better than 2016, mainly due to policy promotion: operators are mixed into the first batch of pilot lists, introducing Internet giants or direct traffic management, data management transformation, and fully forming a “cloud management terminalâ€. "Closed loop, industry form is expected to reshape; and technology cycle promotion: 5G standard development key stage, overseas operators in the second half of the year to achieve commercialization. In addition, there are two reasons:
1. The global market operators' capital expenditures ushered in the turning point, and the growth rate bottomed out. We expect the global communications equipment market to continue to decline slightly by 3% in 2017, but capital expenditures are expected to bottom out in the second half of the year, 4.5G network expansion, 5G and IoT investment will start to increase;
2. The share of domestic manufacturers has increased. The global market accounts for half of the market (the wireless communication market, Huawei's market share is the first, reaching 35%; ZTE is rising steadily, from 6% in 2010 to 12%), and its performance is eye-catching.
At the same time, there are also uncertain factors: (1) The capital expenditures of the three major operators in China continue to decline. China Mobile's FDD license and radio and television wireless network investment are uncertain, and the performance of the domestic market is the pressure or pressure; (2) Communication sector The absolute valuation is in the historical median, but after the market adjustment in 2016, the relative market valuation is at a historical low.
In 2017, the domestic traditional communication market will usher in new opportunities in the wireless and cable broadband sectors:
(1) The establishment of 5G standards has entered a critical stage. Domestic enterprises such as Huawei and ZTE have begun to master the core discourse rights. In the future, the global market share will continue to increase, and patent licensing will also change from corporate expenditure to revenue;
(2) The Internet of Things has a new connection of 10 billion, becoming the next trillion market for operators. In 2017, NB-IOT will be officially commercialized. LTE-V will be fully frozen in March 2017, commercial trials will begin in the second half of the year, and even 5G will be first applied to smart cities and transportation.
(3) In terms of optical communication, China Mobile continued to develop its fixed-line network. In 2016, the number of subscribers exceeded China Unicom for the first time. In 2017, the total number of subscribers to China Telecom will be close. The demand for optical components and fiber-optic cables is still strong, with network traffic. The surge in demand for optical transmission equipment is also in the billions of dollars.
5G5G (Fifth GeneraTIon) is the abbreviation of the fifth generation of mobile communication, and the Internet of Things is considered in the development of 5G standards. According to the 3GPP's timetable, 5G will determine the Release 15 early standard in September 2018 under the leadership of 3GPP, and determine the Release 16 final standard from the end of 2019 to the beginning of 2020, but now there are indications that 5G will arrive early!
Compared with 4G network, 5G terminal side: emphasizes the capability of chip and antenna, and multiple terminals come together; network side: C-RAN, D-RAN, macro base station networking mode is more diverse, core layer is more flat; content side : VR, 4K, Internet of Things, etc. become killer applications.
We estimate that the total investment scale of China's 5G network will reach 650 billion yuan, an increase of more than 60% compared with 4G. In 2017, 5G investment mainly focused on two directions: the theme can focus on 3GPP conferences in the year; the growth investment opportunities can focus on 5G technology layout and 5G global scale 4.5G construction and three operators' 5G wireless network optimization .
NB-IoTNB-IoT is the first carrier-class communication protocol for the Internet of Things. At present, 3GPP has officially approved the adoption of NB-IoT supporting Band 70, and Chinese operators are very active in the implementation of NB-IoT. The three major operators all said that in 2017, large-scale commercial NB-IoT will be launched, and a series of technologies such as LoRa, SigFox, Ingenu and NWave will be active to varying degrees.
NB-IoT will be used in low-energy, low-information, and massively-quantized sensor networks. The areas include: 1 smart home business represented by water and electricity smart meter reading business; 2 by postbox, garbage bin, street lamp, sewer, Smart city business represented by parking space management; 3 intelligent tracking service represented by express delivery, pets, animal husbandry, and tracking of children and elderly; 4 intelligent medical service represented by wearable health equipment; 5 small-scale and long-term in other industrial fields Time data collection case or periodic control application.
Applications such as the Mobike bicycle, which has recently received attention, are also an important stage for NB-IoT performance.
The car network proprietary protocol LTE-V2X will be frozen in March 2017, or set off a theme investment boom. LTE-V is China's V2X technology with independent intellectual property rights. It is led by Huawei, Datang and other companies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology pushes intelligent network connection, and the high probability will adopt LTE-V. LTE-V is good for the car networking and autopilot industry chain.
(1) Vehicle networking industry chain: The terminal-side vehicle terminal equipment (including LTE-V communication module, Beidou/GPS navigation module) is the first to gain, flexible, and the scale is 100 billion; network side, optimistic about the main equipment manufacturer; service On the side, mainly optimistic about the Internet of China platform and UBI insurance. (2) Autopilot industry chain: The main benefits are radar and camera sensors and high-precision maps. In addition, you can pay attention to the field of roadside transportation facilities upgrading and transformation.
BluetoothThe important short-range communication technology is of course Bluetooth technology, which has become very important in computing and many consumer goods markets. This is expected to be the key to wearable products, especially when connected to the Internet of Things, although in many cases through smartphones. New Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or Bluetooth Smart (as now marked) is an important protocol for IoT applications. Importantly, while it offers a similar range to Bluetooth, it is designed to significantly reduce power consumption.
However, Smart / BLE is not really designed for file transfer, it is more suitable for small block data. Given its wide integration on smartphones and many other mobile devices, it certainly has significant advantages in many competing technology personal device environments. According to the Bluetooth SIG, more than 90% of Bluetooth smartphones, including iOS, Android and Windows models, are expected to be "smart ready" by 2018.
Devices using Bluetooth Smart features include Bluetooth core specification version 4.0 based on RF transceiver, baseband and protocol stack basic data rate and low energy core configuration (or higher version - latest version 4.2 at the end of 2014, currently updated 5) . Importantly, version 4.2 through its Internet Protocol Support Profile will allow Bluetooth Smart Sensors to directly access the Internet via the 6LoWPAN connection (more below). This IP connection makes it possible to manage Bluetooth Smart Edge devices using existing IP infrastructure. For more information on Bluetooth 4.2, a variety of Bluetooth modules are available from RS.
Standard: Bluetooth 4.2 core specification
Frequency: 2.4GHz (ISM)
Range: 50-150 meters (smart / BLE)
Data rate: 1Mbps (smart / BLE)
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