In the field of water desalination, purification, drug refinement, wastewater treatment, fuel and oil filtration, blood component separation, and protein purification, accurate determination of filter media and entire filter elements is essential. Understanding the characteristic parameters of these materials plays a critical role in optimizing performance and ensuring quality. Capillary flow pore size analysis technology offers valuable insights into various aspects of filtration, such as liquid flow rate and pressure drop, filtration efficiency for different particle sizes, clogging behavior, fouling speed, and overall filter integrity.
Whether your needs are for quality control or research and development, a capillary flow pore size analyzer provides comprehensive information about the pore structure of the material. The tests it performs include: bubble point pressure, maximum pore throat diameter, minimum aperture, average flow aperture, pore size distribution in both parallel and vertical directions, filter integrity, gas permeability, liquid permeability, Frazier penetration rate, Gurley penetration rate, and through-hole surface area.
Working Principle:
The sample, fully saturated with a wetting fluid, is placed in the sample chamber. The chamber is then sealed, and gas is introduced from the front. A computer controls the gas pressure, gradually increasing it until it reaches the maximum pore size, where the liquid is displaced due to capillary action. This pressure is known as the bubble point pressure. As the pressure continues to rise incrementally, a measurable gas flow is produced until all the liquid is expelled. For dry samples, the flow rate versus pressure data is recorded in real time. The computer then calculates all pore parameters using the basic equation of the flow porosimeter: D = 4γCosθ / P, where D is the pore diameter, γ is the surface tension of the liquid, θ is the contact angle, and P is the differential pressure.
Applications:
Filter materials are widely used across numerous industrial sectors for process control. Beyond their traditional use in the chemical industry, innovative filter media have become fundamental in fields such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, environmental engineering, batteries, fuel and oil, non-woven fabrics, food processing, packaging, household goods, textiles, and hygiene products. Porous materials made from polymers, metals, ceramics, and textiles are extensively applied in filtration processes. Typical functions of filter media include separating fluid components, enabling selective permeation of nutrients and drugs, isolating bacteria, viruses, and pollen, controlling the permeation of water and gases, enhancing reaction rates, removing heavy metal ions, dust, and toxic gases, preventing water transfer, and managing ink penetration in paper along the X, Y, and Z axes.
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